Frank Hertz Experiment
Read and discuss the instructions with your partner
Title: Investigating the Frank Hertz Experiment
Objective:
The objective of this physics project is to investigate the Frank Hertz experiment and understand the principles of electron excitation and energy quantization. Students will have the opportunity to research the experiment, perform virtual simulations, create graphs and data sheets, and present their findings on trifolds.
Materials:
1. Access to a computer or tablet with internet access for research and virtual experiments
2. Virtual simulation software (e.g., PhET/Vascak Interactive Simulations)
3. Paper and writing materials
4. Access to spreadsheet software (e.g., Microsoft Excel, Google Sheets) for data analysis and graphing
5. Trifold presentation board
Procedure (Step-by-Step Instructions):
1. Research:
a. Begin by researching the Frank Hertz experiment, including its purpose, setup, and the principles it demonstrates.
b. Familiarize yourself with the equipment used in the experiment, such as the electron tube and voltage supply.
2. Virtual Experiment:
a. Use a virtual simulation software, such as PhET Interactive Simulations, to perform a virtual Frank Hertz experiment.
b. Set up the simulation with an electron tube, a voltage supply, and a collector electrode.
c. Adjust the voltage and observe the behavior of electrons as they collide with mercury atoms.
d. Record the data provided by the simulation, including the voltage and the corresponding current.
e. Repeat the experiment with different voltages and record the data for each trial.
f. Take screenshots or record the data for further analysis.
Click here to perform the experiment
3. Data Analysis:
a. Organize the data collected from the virtual experiment into a spreadsheet.
b. Create graphs to represent the relationship between voltage and current.
c. Analyze the graphs to identify any patterns or trends in the data.
d. Use the data to draw conclusions about the energy quantization of mercury atoms.
4. Presentation:
a. Prepare a trifold presentation board to showcase your project.
b. Include sections on the objective, research on the Frank Hertz experiment, virtual experiment, data analysis, and conclusions.
c. Use visuals, such as diagrams or illustrations, to explain the setup and principles of the Frank Hertz experiment.
d. Clearly present the findings and conclusions regarding energy quantization.
e. Practice presenting the project with your group members to ensure a clear and engaging presentation.
students please work in groups, assign roles within the group (e.g., researcher, data collector, graph creator), and allocate time for collaboration and discussion. This project provides an opportunity for students to explore a fundamental concept in physics and develop their research, experimental, and presentation skills.
Your Trifold should be like
Abstract Means : Which experiment you are performing
Question: Create a question based on your experiment
Rubrics
Criteria | Excellent (4) Full Marks | Good (3) – 80 to 90% | Fair (2) 70 to 80% | Needs Improvement Less than 70% |
Research | Thoroughly researched on the topic , including key concepts, experimental setup, and factors affecting it. | Conducted research on the topic, but some key concepts or experimental details were missing. | Limited research on the topic, with significant gaps in understanding key concepts or experimental setup. | Minimal research conducted, lacking understanding of key concepts and experimental setup. |
Virtual Experiment | Performed a virtual experiment using appropriate simulation software, accurately adjusting light sources, intensities, and observing electron emission. | Conducted a virtual experiment, but some aspects of the simulation were not adjusted correctly or observations were not accurately recorded. | Attempted a virtual experiment, but simulation setup and observations were incomplete or inaccurate. | Did not conduct a virtual experiment or failed to accurately adjust simulation parameters and record observations. |
Data Analysis | Collected and organized data from the virtual experiment accurately, created appropriate graphs, and analyzed the relationship between light intensity and electron emission effectively. | Collected and organized data, but there were minor errors or inconsistencies. Graphs and analysis were mostly accurate. | Data collection and organization had significant errors or inconsistencies. Graphs and analysis were incomplete or inaccurate. | Data collection and organization were incomplete or inaccurate. Graphs and analysis were missing or incorrect. |
Presentation | Presentation board is well-organized, visually appealing, and effectively communicates the objective, research, virtual experiment, data analysis, and conclusions. Clear explanations and appropriate visuals are used. | Presentation board is organized and communicates the main components of the project, but some sections lack clarity or visual appeal. | Presentation board is somewhat disorganized and lacks clarity in conveying the project components. Visuals are limited or ineffective. | Presentation board is disorganized and lacks clarity in conveying the project components. Visuals are missing or inappropriate. |
Collaboration | Actively collaborated with group members, effectively assigning roles and responsibilities, and contributed to the project's success. | Collaborated with group members, but some roles and responsibilities were not clearly defined or contributions were uneven. | Limited collaboration with group members, resulting in unclear roles and responsibilities and uneven contributions. | Minimal collaboration with group members, resulting in unclear roles and responsibilities and minimal contributions. |
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